《植物生理学报》 2015, 51(11): 1867-1872

钙、锰、铝及与硼的协同胁迫对茶树的毒害效应

姚元涛, 陶吉寒^*, 宋鲁彬, 田丽丽, 刘腾飞, 贾厚振

山东省果树研究所, 山东泰安271000

通信作者：陶吉寒；E-mail: sdtjh_69@163.com；Tel: 0538-8266516

摘　要：

采用砂培法研究了钙、锰、铝、硼及钙、锰、铝与硼的协同毒害胁迫对茶树生长与元素吸收的影响。结果表明, 钙、锰、铝、硼毒害胁迫显著降低茶树根系活力, 影响茶树根系的生长发育; 显著降低茶树光合速率和气孔导度, 增加了胞间二氧化碳浓度; 抑制新梢生长, 使新梢展叶数减小、节间距变短。各处理促进了茶树对处理元素的吸收, 且具有明显的协同作用。各处理对其他元素的影响为: 铝能促进茶树根系对磷的吸收, 硼和锰对磷的吸收却有一定的抑制作用; 锰和铝促进茶树根系和叶片中硫的吸收, 硼、锰和铝可促进根系中钾的吸收; 硼能显著促进茶树根系和叶片对镁的吸收, 其他处理显著抑制根系对镁的吸收, 促进叶片对镁的吸收; 各处理均显著抑制茶树根系和叶片对铁、锌的吸收。

关键词：茶树; 胁迫; 生长; 钙; 锰; 铝; 硼; 毒害

收稿：2015-06-09   修定：2015-09-06

资助：山东省果树研究所所长科研基金(2013KY06)、山东名特优果品提质增效与标准化生产关键技术研究(2014CXZ04-1)和山东省现代农业产业体系(2060302-04)。

Poison Effects of Synergistic Stress of Calcium, Manganese, Aluminum and Boron on Tea Plant

YAO Yuan-Tao, TAO Ji-Han^*, SONG Lu-Bin, TIAN Li-Li, LIU Teng-Fei, JIA Hou-Zhen

Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an, Shandong 271000, China

Corresponding author: TAO Ji-Han; E-mail: sdtjh_69@163.com; Tel: 0538-8266516

Abstract:

The synergistic effects of calcium, manganese, aluminum, boron, calcium, manganese, aluminum and boron on the growth and the elements of tea tree were studied by sand culture method. The results showed that the toxicity stress of calcium, manganese, aluminum and boron significantly decreased the activity of tea root, affected the tea root growth and development, decreased significantly the tea photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance, increased intercellular CO₂ concentration; inhibited the growth of new shoots, number of shoot leaves decreased, and the internode length became shorter. Each treatment promoted the absorption of elements in tea plant and had a significant synergistic effect. The effects of different treatments on the other elements were: Al could promote the uptake of phosphorus in tea tree root; boron and manganese had a certain inhibition effect on the absorption of phosphorus; manganese and aluminum could promote the absorption of sulfur in roots and leaves of tea; boron, manganese and aluminum could promote the absorption of potassium in roots; boron could significantly promote the absorption of magnesium in roots and leaves; and the other treatments significantly inhibited the absorption of magnesium in roots, but promoted it in leaves; all treatments significantly inhibited the absorption of iron and zinc in roots and leaves of tea plant.

Key words: tea (Camellia sinensis); stress; growth; calcium; manganese; aluminum; boron; poison